Chapter 3
Learning Target 3.1
Trace the roots of the federal system and the Constitution's allocation of governmental powers

Federalism is a system of government were the state and national governments share power and derive all authority from it's people. This system was designed to be a remedy for most of the problems with the Articles of Confederation. Under the Constitution, the national government has enumerated and implied powers. Enumerated powers, as stated in Article 1 section 8, are powers given to the government according to constitutional restrictions, whereas implied powers are authorized from the Constitution, aren't directly stated, but implied. A good example of an implied power would be the interstate highway system. The Constitution does not directly state that the national government is able to build such an elaborate highway system, it only says that the Congress can have power to regulate commerce between foreign nations, Indian tribes, and among states.

 Although the national government is reigned supreme, there are reserved powers to the states and people. An example of this would be the 10th amendment which states that, powers not delegated to the national government are reserved to the people. Reserved (police) powers are reserved to the states (under 10th amendment) that explain a states right to legislature for the public health and welfare of its citizens.

A few more relations under the Constitution have to do with the full faith and credit clause, privileges and immunities clause, extradition clause, and interstate compacts. The full faith and credit clause ensures that all contracts made in one state will be binding and enforceable in any other state. This is similar to the privileges and immunities clause, which says that citizens of each state are afforded the same rights as citizens of all other states. An example of the full faith and credit clause is being able to drive into any state, and still have a valid drivers license even if it isn't the state it's from. Interstate compacts and the extradition clause are similar as well because the extradition clause requires states to return criminals to the states where they have been convicted or are to stand trial if they flee and interstate compacts are simply contracts between states that carry out the force of their laws. If a criminal, for example, committed a crime in Georgia, but fled to Ohio, if he was found in Ohio, he would be sent back to Georgia and receive that state's punishment. Overall, these clauses and powers listed in the Constitution lay the groundwork for the Supreme Court to be the final decision-maker about all disagreements between states.